Primary sources first
Central banks, exchanges, statistical agencies, regulators, company filings and official releases are preferred for official data.
AFRICA MONEY BRIEFAFRICA’S MARKETS, DECODED.METHODOLOGY
AMB’s editorial rules make freshness, market type, source quality and uncertainty visible.
VERIFY.Central banks, exchanges, statistical agencies, regulators, company filings and official releases are preferred for official data.
Official references, market observations, prior closes and parallel-market observations are never treated as interchangeable.
Flagship rates carry a “Rates verified as of” time. Previous-session figures are labeled explicitly.
Nigeria’s AMB parallel benchmark requires at least two reasonably current independent observations.
Material source dispersion is explained rather than hidden inside an average.
Stale, contradictory or insufficiently verified data should fail the publication gate.
REAL ESTATE
AMB will distinguish completed-transaction evidence from listing prices, broker observations and modeled estimates, with geography, property type, period and source clearly labeled.